You're eligible for Medicare at age 65 if you're a U.S. citizen or permanent resident who has lived in the U.S. for at least 5 years. You may also qualify earlier if you have a qualifying disability or End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD).
Key Enrollment Periods
Initial Enrollment Period (IEP): A 7-month window β 3 months before through 3 months after your 65th birthday. This is your primary enrollment opportunity. Missing it results in permanent late penalties.
General Enrollment Period (GEP): January 1 β March 31 each year. Coverage starts July 1. Late enrollment penalties apply.
Special Enrollment Periods (SEP): If you're covered by an employer health plan through active employment at 65, you can delay Medicare without penalty and use an SEP when that coverage ends.
Apply at ssa.gov/benefits/medicare or call 1-800-772-1213.